]! ^! Once the seat of Viking raiders and later a major north European power, Denmark has evolved into a modern, prosperous nation that is participating in the general political and economic integration of Europe. It joined NATO in 1949 and the EEC (now the EU) in 1973. However, the country has opted out of certain elements of the European Union's Maastricht Treaty, including the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), European defense cooperation, and issues concerning certain justice and home affairs. 
]" ^" Northern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea and the North Sea, on a peninsula north of Germany (Jutland); also includes two major islands (Sjaelland and Fyn) ^# 56 00 N, 10 00 E ^$ Europe ^% `! 43,094 sq km `" 42,394 sq km `# 700 sq km `* includes the island of Bornholm in the Baltic Sea and the rest of metropolitan Denmark (the Jutland Peninsula, and the major islands of Sjaelland and Fyn), but excludes the Faroe Islands and Greenland ^& slightly less than twice the size of Massachusetts ^' `! 68 km `Y Germany 68 km ^( 7,314 km ^) `$ 12 nm `M 24 nm `N 200 nm `O 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation ^* temperate; humid and overcast; mild, windy winters and cool summers ^+ low and flat to gently rolling plains ^, `% Lammefjord -7 m `& Yding Skovhoej 173 m ^- petroleum, natural gas, fish, salt, limestone, chalk, stone, gravel and sand ^. `' 52.59% `( 0.19% `) 47.22% (2005) ^/ 4,490 sq km (2003) ^0 flooding is a threat in some areas of the country (e.g., parts of Jutland, along the southern coast of the island of Lolland) that are protected from the sea by a system of dikes ^1 air pollution, principally from vehicle and power plant emissions; nitrogen and phosphorus pollution of the North Sea; drinking and surface water becoming polluted from animal wastes and pesticides _P `P Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling `Q none of the selected agreements ^2 controls Danish Straits (Skagerrak and Kattegat) linking Baltic and North Seas; about one-quarter of the population lives in greater Copenhagen 
]# ^3 5,468,120 (July 2007 est.) ^4 `+ 18.6% (male 520,669/female 494,228) `, 66% (male 1,817,757/female 1,792,974) `- 15.4% (male 363,828/female 478,664) (2007 est.) ^5 `! 40.1 years `. 39.2 years `/ 40.9 years (2007 est.) ^6 0.311% (2007 est.) ^7 10.91 births/1,000 population (2007 est.) ^8 10.3 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.) ^9 2.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.) ^: `0 1.06 male(s)/female `1 1.053 male(s)/female `, 1.014 male(s)/female `- 0.76 male(s)/female `2 0.977 male(s)/female (2007 est.) ^; `! 4.45 deaths/1,000 live births `. 4.49 deaths/1,000 live births `/ 4.41 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.) ^< `2 77.96 years `. 75.65 years `/ 80.41 years (2007 est.) ^= 1.74 children born/woman (2007 est.) ^> 0.2% (2003 est.) ^? 5,000 (2003 est.) ^@ less than 100 (2003 est.) ^A `3 Dane(s) `4 Danish ^B Scandinavian, Inuit, Faroese, German, Turkish, Iranian, Somali ^C Evangelical Lutheran 95%, other Christian (includes Protestant and Roman Catholic) 3%, Muslim 2% ^D Danish, Faroese, Greenlandic (an Inuit dialect), German (small minority) `* English is the predominant second language ^E `5 age 15 and over can read and write `2 99% `. 99% `/ 99% (2003 est.) 
]$ ^F `6 Kingdom of Denmark `7 Denmark `Z Kongeriget Danmark `[ Danmark ^H constitutional monarchy ^I `8 Copenhagen `9 55 40 N, 12 35 E `: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) `p +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October ^J metropolitan Denmark - 5 regions (regioner, singular - region); Hovedstaden, Midtjylland, Nordjylland, Sjaelland, Syddanmark `* an extensive local government reform merged 271 municipalities into 98 and 13 counties into five regions, effective 1 January 2007 ^K first organized as a unified state in 10th century; in 1849 became a constitutional monarchy ^L none designated; Constitution Day, 5 June (1849) is generally viewed as the National Day ^M 5 June 1953 constitution allowed for a unicameral legislature and a female chief of state ^N civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations ^O 18 years of age; universal ^P `; Queen MARGRETHE II (since 14 January 1972); Heir Apparent Crown Prince FREDERIK, elder son of the monarch (born 26 May 1968) `< Prime Minister Anders Fogh RASMUSSEN (since 27 November 2001) `= Council of State appointed by the monarch `> none; the monarch is hereditary; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the monarch ^Q unicameral People's Assembly or Folketinget (179 seats, including 2 from Greenland and 2 from the Faroe Islands; members are elected by popular vote on the basis of proportional representation to serve four-year terms) `> last held 8 February 2005 (next to be held in February 2009) `? percent of vote by party - Liberal Party 29%, Social Democrats 25.9%, Danish People's Party 13.2%, Conservative Party 10.3%, Social Liberal Party 9.2%, Socialist People's Party 6%, Unity List 3.4%, other 3%; seats by party - Liberal Party 52, Social Democrats 47, Danish People's Party 24, Conservative Party 18, Social Liberal Party 17, Socialist People's Party 11, Unity List 6; note - does not include the two seats from Greenland and the two seats from the Faroe Islands ^R Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the monarch for life) ^S Christian Democrats [Bodil KORNBEK] (was Christian People's Party); Conservative Party [Bendt BENDTSEN] (sometimes known as Conservative People's Party); Danish People's Party [Pia KJAERSGAARD]; Liberal Party [Anders Fogh RASMUSSEN]; Red-Green Unity List [collective leadership] (bloc includes Left Socialist Party, Communist Party of Denmark, Socialist Workers' Party); Social Democratic Party [Helle THORNING-SCHMIDT]; Social Liberal Party [Marianne JELVED]; Socialist People's Party [Villy SOEVNDAL] ^T NA ^U AfDB, Arctic Council, AsDB, Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, ESA, EU, FAO, G- 9, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MINURSO, MONUC, NATO, NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, UN, UN Security Council (temporary), UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNMIL, UNMOGIP, UNOMIG, UNRWA, UNTSO, UPU, WCO, WEU (observer), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC ^V `R Ambassador Friis Arne PETERSEN `S 3200 Whitehaven Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 `T [1] (202) 234-4300 `U [1] (202) 328-1470 `V Chicago, New York ^W `R Ambassador James P. CAIN `_ Dag Hammarskjolds Alle 24, 2100 Copenhagen `` PSC 73, APO AE 09716 `T [45] 33 41 71 00 `U [45] 35 43 02 23 ^X red with a white cross that extends to the edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side, and that design element of the Dannebrog (Danish flag) was subsequently adopted by the other Nordic countries of Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden 
]% ^Y The Danish economy has in recent years undergone strong expansion fueled primarily by private consumption growth, but also supported by exports and investments. This thoroughly modern market economy features high-tech agriculture, up-to-date small-scale and corporate industry, extensive government welfare measures, comfortable living standards, a stable currency, and high dependence on foreign trade. Unemployment is low and capacity constraints are limiting growth potential. Denmark is a net exporter of food and energy and enjoys a comfortable balance of payments surplus. Government objectives include streamlining the bureaucracy and further privatization of state assets. The government has been successful in meeting, and even exceeding, the economic convergence criteria for participating in the third phase (a common European currency) of the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), but Denmark has decided not to join 12 other EU members in the euro. Nonetheless, the Danish krone remains pegged to the euro. Economic growth gained momentum in 2004 and the upturn continued through 2006. The controversy over caricatures of the Prophet Muhammad printed in a Danish newspaper in September 2005 led to boycotts of some Danish exports to the Muslim world, especially exports of dairy products, but the boycotts did not have a significant impact on the overall Danish economy. Because of high GDP per capita, welfare benefits, a low Gini index, and political stability, the Danish living standards are among the highest in the world. A major long-term issue will be the sharp decline in the ratio of workers to retirees. ^Z $198.5 billion (2006 est.) ^[ $256.3 billion (2006 est.) ^\ 3% (2006 est.) ^] $37,000 (2006 est.) ^^ `@ 1.4% `A 24.6% `B 74% (2006 est.) ^_ 2.91 million (2006 est.) ^` `@ 3% `A 21% `B 76% (2004 est.) ^a 3.8% (2006 est.) _! NA% _" `C 2% `D 24% (2000 est.) _d 23.2 (2002) _# 1.8% (2006 est.) _V 22.2% of GDP (2006 est.) _$ `E $147 billion `F $138.9 billion; including capital expenditures of $4.6 billion (2006 est.) _% 28.1% of GDP (2006 est.) _& barley, wheat, potatoes, sugar beets; pork, dairy products; fish _' iron, steel, nonferrous metals, chemicals, food processing, machinery and transportation equipment, textiles and clothing, electronics, construction, furniture and other wood products, shipbuilding and refurbishment, windmills, pharmaceuticals, medical equipment _( 2.5% (2006 est.) _) 43.35 billion kWh (2006) _* 36.41 billion kWh (2006) _+ 13.72 billion kWh (2006) _, 6.77 billion kWh (2006) _- 342,000 bbl/day (2006 est.) _. 171,000 bbl/day (2006 est.) _/ 320,000 bbl/day (2006) _0 164,000 bbl/day (2006 est.) _W 1.3 billion bbl (2005 est.) _1 9.87 billion cu m (2006 est.) _2 4.824 billion cu m (2006 est.) _X 4.964 billion cu m (2006 est.) _Y 0 cu m (2006 est.) _Z 99.99 billion cu m (2006 est.) _Q $4.941 billion (2006 est.) _3 $93.93 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.) _4 machinery and instruments, meat and meat products, dairy products, fish, pharmaceuticals, furniture, windmills _5 Germany 17.6%, Sweden 13.2%, UK 8.7%, US 6.4%, France 5.5%, Netherlands 5.3%, Norway 5.1% (2005) _6 $89.32 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.) _7 machinery and equipment, raw materials and semimanufactures for industry, chemicals, grain and foodstuffs, consumer goods _8 Germany 20.5%, Sweden 13.8%, Norway 6.6%, Netherlands 6.5%, UK 5.9%, China 4.7%, France 4.2%, Italy 4.1% (2005) _[ $30.38 billion (August 2006 est.) _9 $405 billion (30 June 2006) _\ ODA, $2.13 billion (2005) _; Danish krone (DKK) _< Danish kroner per US dollar - 5.9468 (2006), 5.9969 (2005), 5.9911 (2004), 6.5877 (2003), 7.8947 (2002) _= calendar year 
]& _> 3.35 million (2005) _? 5.469 million (2005) _@ `G excellent telephone and telegraph services `H buried and submarine cables and microwave radio relay form trunk network, 4 cellular mobile communications systems `I country code - 45; 18 submarine fiber-optic cables linking Denmark with Canada, Faroe Islands, Germany, Iceland, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia, Sweden, and UK; satellite earth stations - 6 Intelsat, 10 Eutelsat, 1 Orion, 1 Inmarsat (Blaavand-Atlantic-East); note - the Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden) share the Danish earth station and the Eik, Norway, station for worldwide Inmarsat access (1997) _A AM 2, FM 355, shortwave 0 (1998) _B 26 (plus 51 repeaters) (1998) _C .dk _D 2.416 million (2006) _E 3.763 million (2005) 
]' _F 92 (2006) _G `! 28 `a 2 `J 7 `b 4 `c 12 `W 3 (2006) _R `! 64 `c 3 `W 61 (2006) _^ condensate 12 km; gas 3,931 km; oil 626 km; oil/gas/water 2 km (2006) _e `! 2,673 km `m 2,673 km 1.435-m gauge (601 km electrified) (2005) _H `! 72,257 km `K 72,257 km (includes 1,032 km of expressways) (2005) _b 400 km (2001) _S `! 293 ships (1000 GRT or over) 7,986,735 GRT/9,936,431 DWT by type: bulk carrier 7, cargo 63, chemical tanker 48, container 86, liquefied gas 4, livestock carrier 2, passenger 1, passenger/cargo 40, petroleum tanker 23, refrigerated cargo 7, roll on/roll off 8, specialized tanker 4 `X 25 (Canada 1, Germany 13, Greece 5, Greenland 1, Norway 3, Sweden 1, UK 1) `d 409 (Antigua and Barbuda 14, Bahamas 59, Belgium 4, Cayman Islands 5, Cyprus 1, Egypt 1, Estonia 2, France 1, French Southern and Antarctic Lands 2, Gibraltar 1, Hong Kong 6, Isle of Man 53, North Korea 1, Liberia 8, Lithuania 10, Malta 6, Marshall Islands 1, Mexico 2, Netherlands 9, Netherlands Antilles 1, Norway 32, Panama 34, Portugal 4, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 14, Singapore 52, South Africa 1, Spain 1, Sweden 4, UK 46, US 24, Vanuatu 6, Venezuela 3, Vietnam 1) (2006) _I Aalborg, Aarhus, Asnaesvaerkets, Copenhagen, Elsinore, Ensted, Esbjerg, Fredericia, Frederikshavn, Kalundborg, Odense, Roenne 
]( _J Defense Command: Army Operational Command, Admiral Danish Fleet, Tactical Air Command (2006) _T 18 years of age for compulsory and volunteer military service; conscripts serve an initial training period that varies from 4 to 12 months according to specialization; reservists are assigned to mobilization units following completion of their conscript service; women eligible to volunteer for military service (2004) _K males age 18-49: 1,175,108 females age 18-49: 1,150,627 (2005 est.) Manpower fit for military service: males age 18-49: 955,168 females age 18-49: 935,643 (2005 est.) _L males age 18-49: 31,317 females age 18-49: 29,558 (2005 est.) _U 1.5% (2005 est.) 
]) _N Iceland, the UK, and Ireland dispute Denmark's claim that the Faroe Islands' continental shelf extends beyond 200 nm; Faroese continue to study proposals for full independence; sovereignty dispute with Canada over Hans Island in the Kennedy Channel between Ellesmere Island and Greenland 